diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 7f07c00e..dbc18249 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.31.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
 )
diff --git a/internal/api/handlers/management/auth_files.go b/internal/api/handlers/management/auth_files.go
index f25aabba..0c41137f 100644
--- a/internal/api/handlers/management/auth_files.go
+++ b/internal/api/handlers/management/auth_files.go
@@ -753,6 +753,72 @@ func (h *Handler) registerAuthFromFile(ctx context.Context, path string, data []
 	return err
 }
 
+// PatchAuthFileStatus toggles the disabled state of an auth file
+func (h *Handler) PatchAuthFileStatus(c *gin.Context) {
+	if h.authManager == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "core auth manager unavailable"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req struct {
+		Name     string `json:"name"`
+		Disabled *bool  `json:"disabled"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid request body"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	name := strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if name == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required"})
+		return
+	}
+	if req.Disabled == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "disabled is required"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+
+	// Find auth by name or ID
+	var targetAuth *coreauth.Auth
+	if auth, ok := h.authManager.GetByID(name); ok {
+		targetAuth = auth
+	} else {
+		auths := h.authManager.List()
+		for _, auth := range auths {
+			if auth.FileName == name {
+				targetAuth = auth
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if targetAuth == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "auth file not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Update disabled state
+	targetAuth.Disabled = *req.Disabled
+	if *req.Disabled {
+		targetAuth.Status = coreauth.StatusDisabled
+		targetAuth.StatusMessage = "disabled via management API"
+	} else {
+		targetAuth.Status = coreauth.StatusActive
+		targetAuth.StatusMessage = ""
+	}
+	targetAuth.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
+
+	if _, err := h.authManager.Update(ctx, targetAuth); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("failed to update auth: %v", err)})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "ok", "disabled": *req.Disabled})
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) disableAuth(ctx context.Context, id string) {
 	if h == nil || h.authManager == nil {
 		return
diff --git a/internal/api/server.go b/internal/api/server.go
index 9ad1ea50..fa4eb8b7 100644
--- a/internal/api/server.go
+++ b/internal/api/server.go
@@ -636,6 +636,7 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 		mgmt.GET("/auth-files/download", s.mgmt.DownloadAuthFile)
 		mgmt.POST("/auth-files", s.mgmt.UploadAuthFile)
 		mgmt.DELETE("/auth-files", s.mgmt.DeleteAuthFile)
+		mgmt.PATCH("/auth-files/status", s.mgmt.PatchAuthFileStatus)
 		mgmt.POST("/vertex/import", s.mgmt.ImportVertexCredential)
 
 		mgmt.GET("/anthropic-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAnthropicToken)
diff --git a/internal/auth/codex/filename.go b/internal/auth/codex/filename.go
index 26515fef..fdac5a40 100644
--- a/internal/auth/codex/filename.go
+++ b/internal/auth/codex/filename.go
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode"
-
-	"golang.org/x/text/cases"
-	"golang.org/x/text/language"
 )
 
 // CredentialFileName returns the filename used to persist Codex OAuth credentials.
@@ -43,15 +40,7 @@ func normalizePlanTypeForFilename(planType string) string {
 	}
 
 	for i, part := range parts {
-		parts[i] = titleToken(part)
+		parts[i] = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(part))
 	}
 	return strings.Join(parts, "-")
 }
-
-func titleToken(token string) string {
-	token = strings.TrimSpace(token)
-	if token == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	return cases.Title(language.English).String(token)
-}
diff --git a/internal/cache/signature_cache.go b/internal/cache/signature_cache.go
index ea98f8a0..af5371bf 100644
--- a/internal/cache/signature_cache.go
+++ b/internal/cache/signature_cache.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package cache
 import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/hex"
-	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -25,18 +24,18 @@ const (
 	// MinValidSignatureLen is the minimum length for a signature to be considered valid
 	MinValidSignatureLen = 50
 
-	// SessionCleanupInterval controls how often stale sessions are purged
-	SessionCleanupInterval = 10 * time.Minute
+	// CacheCleanupInterval controls how often stale entries are purged
+	CacheCleanupInterval = 10 * time.Minute
 )
 
-// signatureCache stores signatures by sessionId -> textHash -> SignatureEntry
+// signatureCache stores signatures by model group -> textHash -> SignatureEntry
 var signatureCache sync.Map
 
-// sessionCleanupOnce ensures the background cleanup goroutine starts only once
-var sessionCleanupOnce sync.Once
+// cacheCleanupOnce ensures the background cleanup goroutine starts only once
+var cacheCleanupOnce sync.Once
 
-// sessionCache is the inner map type
-type sessionCache struct {
+// groupCache is the inner map type
+type groupCache struct {
 	mu      sync.RWMutex
 	entries map[string]SignatureEntry
 }
@@ -47,36 +46,36 @@ func hashText(text string) string {
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h[:])[:SignatureTextHashLen]
 }
 
-// getOrCreateSession gets or creates a session cache
-func getOrCreateSession(sessionID string) *sessionCache {
+// getOrCreateGroupCache gets or creates a cache bucket for a model group
+func getOrCreateGroupCache(groupKey string) *groupCache {
 	// Start background cleanup on first access
-	sessionCleanupOnce.Do(startSessionCleanup)
+	cacheCleanupOnce.Do(startCacheCleanup)
 
-	if val, ok := signatureCache.Load(sessionID); ok {
-		return val.(*sessionCache)
+	if val, ok := signatureCache.Load(groupKey); ok {
+		return val.(*groupCache)
 	}
-	sc := &sessionCache{entries: make(map[string]SignatureEntry)}
-	actual, _ := signatureCache.LoadOrStore(sessionID, sc)
-	return actual.(*sessionCache)
+	sc := &groupCache{entries: make(map[string]SignatureEntry)}
+	actual, _ := signatureCache.LoadOrStore(groupKey, sc)
+	return actual.(*groupCache)
 }
 
-// startSessionCleanup launches a background goroutine that periodically
-// removes sessions where all entries have expired.
-func startSessionCleanup() {
+// startCacheCleanup launches a background goroutine that periodically
+// removes caches where all entries have expired.
+func startCacheCleanup() {
 	go func() {
-		ticker := time.NewTicker(SessionCleanupInterval)
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(CacheCleanupInterval)
 		defer ticker.Stop()
 		for range ticker.C {
-			purgeExpiredSessions()
+			purgeExpiredCaches()
 		}
 	}()
 }
 
-// purgeExpiredSessions removes sessions with no valid (non-expired) entries.
-func purgeExpiredSessions() {
+// purgeExpiredCaches removes caches with no valid (non-expired) entries.
+func purgeExpiredCaches() {
 	now := time.Now()
 	signatureCache.Range(func(key, value any) bool {
-		sc := value.(*sessionCache)
+		sc := value.(*groupCache)
 		sc.mu.Lock()
 		// Remove expired entries
 		for k, entry := range sc.entries {
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ func purgeExpiredSessions() {
 		}
 		isEmpty := len(sc.entries) == 0
 		sc.mu.Unlock()
-		// Remove session if empty
+		// Remove cache bucket if empty
 		if isEmpty {
 			signatureCache.Delete(key)
 		}
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ func purgeExpiredSessions() {
 	})
 }
 
-// CacheSignature stores a thinking signature for a given session and text.
+// CacheSignature stores a thinking signature for a given model group and text.
 // Used for Claude models that require signed thinking blocks in multi-turn conversations.
 func CacheSignature(modelName, text, signature string) {
 	if text == "" || signature == "" {
@@ -104,9 +103,9 @@ func CacheSignature(modelName, text, signature string) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	text = fmt.Sprintf("%s#%s", GetModelGroup(modelName), text)
+	groupKey := GetModelGroup(modelName)
 	textHash := hashText(text)
-	sc := getOrCreateSession(textHash)
+	sc := getOrCreateGroupCache(groupKey)
 	sc.mu.Lock()
 	defer sc.mu.Unlock()
 
@@ -116,26 +115,25 @@ func CacheSignature(modelName, text, signature string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// GetCachedSignature retrieves a cached signature for a given session and text.
+// GetCachedSignature retrieves a cached signature for a given model group and text.
 // Returns empty string if not found or expired.
 func GetCachedSignature(modelName, text string) string {
-	family := GetModelGroup(modelName)
+	groupKey := GetModelGroup(modelName)
 
 	if text == "" {
-		if family == "gemini" {
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
 			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
 		}
 		return ""
 	}
-	text = fmt.Sprintf("%s#%s", GetModelGroup(modelName), text)
-	val, ok := signatureCache.Load(hashText(text))
+	val, ok := signatureCache.Load(groupKey)
 	if !ok {
-		if family == "gemini" {
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
 			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
 		}
 		return ""
 	}
-	sc := val.(*sessionCache)
+	sc := val.(*groupCache)
 
 	textHash := hashText(text)
 
@@ -145,7 +143,7 @@ func GetCachedSignature(modelName, text string) string {
 	entry, exists := sc.entries[textHash]
 	if !exists {
 		sc.mu.Unlock()
-		if family == "gemini" {
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
 			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
 		}
 		return ""
@@ -153,7 +151,7 @@ func GetCachedSignature(modelName, text string) string {
 	if now.Sub(entry.Timestamp) > SignatureCacheTTL {
 		delete(sc.entries, textHash)
 		sc.mu.Unlock()
-		if family == "gemini" {
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
 			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
 		}
 		return ""
@@ -167,22 +165,17 @@ func GetCachedSignature(modelName, text string) string {
 	return entry.Signature
 }
 
-// ClearSignatureCache clears signature cache for a specific session or all sessions.
-func ClearSignatureCache(sessionID string) {
-	if sessionID != "" {
-		signatureCache.Range(func(key, _ any) bool {
-			kStr, ok := key.(string)
-			if ok && strings.HasSuffix(kStr, "#"+sessionID) {
-				signatureCache.Delete(key)
-			}
-			return true
-		})
-	} else {
+// ClearSignatureCache clears signature cache for a specific model group or all groups.
+func ClearSignatureCache(modelName string) {
+	if modelName == "" {
 		signatureCache.Range(func(key, _ any) bool {
 			signatureCache.Delete(key)
 			return true
 		})
+		return
 	}
+	groupKey := GetModelGroup(modelName)
+	signatureCache.Delete(groupKey)
 }
 
 // HasValidSignature checks if a signature is valid (non-empty and long enough)
diff --git a/internal/cache/signature_cache_test.go b/internal/cache/signature_cache_test.go
index 9388c2e0..83408159 100644
--- a/internal/cache/signature_cache_test.go
+++ b/internal/cache/signature_cache_test.go
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )
 
+const testModelName = "claude-sonnet-4-5"
+
 func TestCacheSignature_BasicStorageAndRetrieval(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
@@ -12,30 +14,31 @@ func TestCacheSignature_BasicStorageAndRetrieval(t *testing.T) {
 	signature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 
 	// Store signature
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, signature)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, signature)
 
 	// Retrieve signature
-	retrieved := GetCachedSignature("test-model", text)
+	retrieved := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text)
 	if retrieved != signature {
 		t.Errorf("Expected signature '%s', got '%s'", signature, retrieved)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestCacheSignature_DifferentSessions(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCacheSignature_DifferentModelGroups(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	text := "Same text in different sessions"
+	text := "Same text across models"
 	sig1 := "signature1_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 	sig2 := "signature2_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, sig1)
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, sig2)
+	geminiModel := "gemini-3-pro-preview"
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig1)
+	CacheSignature(geminiModel, text, sig2)
 
-	if GetCachedSignature("test-model", text) != sig1 {
-		t.Error("Session-a signature mismatch")
+	if GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text) != sig1 {
+		t.Error("Claude signature mismatch")
 	}
-	if GetCachedSignature("test-model", text) != sig2 {
-		t.Error("Session-b signature mismatch")
+	if GetCachedSignature(geminiModel, text) != sig2 {
+		t.Error("Gemini signature mismatch")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -43,13 +46,13 @@ func TestCacheSignature_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	// Non-existent session
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "some text"); got != "" {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "some text"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Expected empty string for nonexistent session, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 
 	// Existing session but different text
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text-a", "sigA12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "text-b"); got != "" {
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text-a", "sigA12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text-b"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Expected empty string for different text, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -58,12 +61,11 @@ func TestCacheSignature_EmptyInputs(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	// All empty/invalid inputs should be no-ops
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", "sig12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "", "sig12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", "")
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", "short") // Too short
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "", "sig12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", "")
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", "short") // Too short
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "text"); got != "" {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Expected empty after invalid cache attempts, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -74,27 +76,24 @@ func TestCacheSignature_ShortSignatureRejected(t *testing.T) {
 	text := "Some text"
 	shortSig := "abc123" // Less than 50 chars
 
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, shortSig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, shortSig)
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", text); got != "" {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Short signature should be rejected, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClearSignatureCache_SpecificSession(t *testing.T) {
+func TestClearSignatureCache_ModelGroup(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	sig := "validSig1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", sig)
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text-2", sig)
 
 	ClearSignatureCache("session-1")
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "text"); got != "" {
-		t.Error("session-1 should be cleared")
-	}
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "text"); got != sig {
-		t.Error("session-2 should still exist")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text"); got != sig {
+		t.Error("signature should remain when clearing unknown session")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -102,35 +101,37 @@ func TestClearSignatureCache_AllSessions(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	sig := "validSig1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", sig)
-	CacheSignature("test-model", "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text-2", sig)
 
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "text"); got != "" {
-		t.Error("session-1 should be cleared")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text"); got != "" {
+		t.Error("text should be cleared")
 	}
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", "text"); got != "" {
-		t.Error("session-2 should be cleared")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text-2"); got != "" {
+		t.Error("text-2 should be cleared")
 	}
 }
 
 func TestHasValidSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name      string
+		modelName string
 		signature string
 		expected  bool
 	}{
-		{"valid long signature", "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
-		{"exactly 50 chars", "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
-		{"49 chars - invalid", "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789", false},
-		{"empty string", "", false},
-		{"short signature", "abc", false},
+		{"valid long signature", testModelName, "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
+		{"exactly 50 chars", testModelName, "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
+		{"49 chars - invalid", testModelName, "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789", false},
+		{"empty string", testModelName, "", false},
+		{"short signature", testModelName, "abc", false},
+		{"gemini sentinel", "gemini-3-pro-preview", "skip_thought_signature_validator", true},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := HasValidSignature("claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking", tt.signature)
+			result := HasValidSignature(tt.modelName, tt.signature)
 			if result != tt.expected {
 				t.Errorf("HasValidSignature(%q) = %v, expected %v", tt.signature, result, tt.expected)
 			}
@@ -147,13 +148,13 @@ func TestCacheSignature_TextHashCollisionResistance(t *testing.T) {
 	sig1 := "signature1_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 	sig2 := "signature2_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text1, sig1)
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text2, sig2)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text1, sig1)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text2, sig2)
 
-	if GetCachedSignature("test-model", text1) != sig1 {
+	if GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text1) != sig1 {
 		t.Error("text1 signature mismatch")
 	}
-	if GetCachedSignature("test-model", text2) != sig2 {
+	if GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text2) != sig2 {
 		t.Error("text2 signature mismatch")
 	}
 }
@@ -164,9 +165,9 @@ func TestCacheSignature_UnicodeText(t *testing.T) {
 	text := "한글 텍스트와 이모지 🎉 그리고 特殊文字"
 	sig := "unicodeSig123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345"
 
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig)
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", text); got != sig {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != sig {
 		t.Errorf("Unicode text signature retrieval failed, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -178,10 +179,10 @@ func TestCacheSignature_Overwrite(t *testing.T) {
 	sig1 := "firstSignature12345678901234567890123456789012345678901"
 	sig2 := "secondSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, sig1)
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, sig2) // Overwrite
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig1)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig2) // Overwrite
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", text); got != sig2 {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != sig2 {
 		t.Errorf("Expected overwritten signature '%s', got '%s'", sig2, got)
 	}
 }
@@ -196,10 +197,10 @@ func TestCacheSignature_ExpirationLogic(t *testing.T) {
 	text := "text"
 	sig := "validSig1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 
-	CacheSignature("test-model", text, sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig)
 
 	// Fresh entry should be retrievable
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("test-model", text); got != sig {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != sig {
 		t.Errorf("Fresh entry should be retrievable, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/aistudio_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/aistudio_executor.go
index eba38b00..e08492fd 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/aistudio_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/aistudio_executor.go
@@ -398,7 +398,8 @@ func (e *AIStudioExecutor) translateRequest(req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts c
 		return nil, translatedPayload{}, err
 	}
 	payload = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, payload)
-	payload = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", payload, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	payload = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", payload, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	payload, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(payload, "generationConfig.maxOutputTokens")
 	payload, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(payload, "generationConfig.responseMimeType")
 	payload, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(payload, "generationConfig.responseJsonSchema")
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/antigravity_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/antigravity_executor.go
index 897004fb..110a1445 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/antigravity_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/antigravity_executor.go
@@ -142,7 +142,8 @@ func (e *AntigravityExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Au
 		return resp, err
 	}
 
-	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "antigravity", "request", translated, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "antigravity", "request", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	baseURLs := antigravityBaseURLFallbackOrder(auth)
 	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
@@ -261,7 +262,8 @@ func (e *AntigravityExecutor) executeClaudeNonStream(ctx context.Context, auth *
 		return resp, err
 	}
 
-	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "antigravity", "request", translated, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "antigravity", "request", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	baseURLs := antigravityBaseURLFallbackOrder(auth)
 	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
@@ -627,7 +629,8 @@ func (e *AntigravityExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxya
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "antigravity", "request", translated, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "antigravity", "request", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	baseURLs := antigravityBaseURLFallbackOrder(auth)
 	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
@@ -1213,7 +1216,17 @@ func (e *AntigravityExecutor) buildRequest(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyau
 		// Use the centralized schema cleaner to handle unsupported keywords,
 		// const->enum conversion, and flattening of types/anyOf.
 		strJSON = util.CleanJSONSchemaForAntigravity(strJSON)
-
+		payload = []byte(strJSON)
+	} else {
+		strJSON := string(payload)
+		paths := make([]string, 0)
+		util.Walk(gjson.Parse(strJSON), "", "parametersJsonSchema", &paths)
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			strJSON, _ = util.RenameKey(strJSON, p, p[:len(p)-len("parametersJsonSchema")]+"parameters")
+		}
+		// Clean tool schemas for Gemini to remove unsupported JSON Schema keywords
+		// without adding empty-schema placeholders.
+		strJSON = util.CleanJSONSchemaForGemini(strJSON)
 		payload = []byte(strJSON)
 	}
 
@@ -1230,6 +1243,12 @@ func (e *AntigravityExecutor) buildRequest(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyau
 		}
 	}
 
+	if strings.Contains(modelName, "claude") {
+		payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "request.toolConfig.functionCallingConfig.mode", "VALIDATED")
+	} else {
+		payload, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(payload, "request.generationConfig.maxOutputTokens")
+	}
+
 	httpReq, errReq := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, requestURL.String(), bytes.NewReader(payload))
 	if errReq != nil {
 		return nil, errReq
@@ -1405,26 +1424,10 @@ func geminiToAntigravity(modelName string, payload []byte, projectID string) []b
 	template, _ = sjson.Set(template, "request.sessionId", generateStableSessionID(payload))
 
 	template, _ = sjson.Delete(template, "request.safetySettings")
-	//	template, _ = sjson.Set(template, "request.toolConfig.functionCallingConfig.mode", "VALIDATED")
-
-	if strings.Contains(modelName, "claude") || strings.Contains(modelName, "gemini-3-pro-high") {
-		gjson.Get(template, "request.tools").ForEach(func(key, tool gjson.Result) bool {
-			tool.Get("functionDeclarations").ForEach(func(funKey, funcDecl gjson.Result) bool {
-				if funcDecl.Get("parametersJsonSchema").Exists() {
-					template, _ = sjson.SetRaw(template, fmt.Sprintf("request.tools.%d.functionDeclarations.%d.parameters", key.Int(), funKey.Int()), funcDecl.Get("parametersJsonSchema").Raw)
-					template, _ = sjson.Delete(template, fmt.Sprintf("request.tools.%d.functionDeclarations.%d.parameters.$schema", key.Int(), funKey.Int()))
-					template, _ = sjson.Delete(template, fmt.Sprintf("request.tools.%d.functionDeclarations.%d.parametersJsonSchema", key.Int(), funKey.Int()))
-				}
-				return true
-			})
-			return true
-		})
+	if toolConfig := gjson.Get(template, "toolConfig"); toolConfig.Exists() && !gjson.Get(template, "request.toolConfig").Exists() {
+		template, _ = sjson.SetRaw(template, "request.toolConfig", toolConfig.Raw)
+		template, _ = sjson.Delete(template, "toolConfig")
 	}
-
-	if !strings.Contains(modelName, "claude") {
-		template, _ = sjson.Delete(template, "request.generationConfig.maxOutputTokens")
-	}
-
 	return []byte(template)
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go
index 9d8ad260..7a9f1005 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go
@@ -114,7 +114,8 @@ func (e *ClaudeExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, r
 	// based on client type and configuration.
 	body = applyCloaking(ctx, e.cfg, auth, body, baseModel)
 
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	// Disable thinking if tool_choice forces tool use (Anthropic API constraint)
 	body = disableThinkingIfToolChoiceForced(body)
@@ -245,7 +246,8 @@ func (e *ClaudeExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.A
 	// based on client type and configuration.
 	body = applyCloaking(ctx, e.cfg, auth, body, baseModel)
 
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	// Disable thinking if tool_choice forces tool use (Anthropic API constraint)
 	body = disableThinkingIfToolChoiceForced(body)
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go
index a283df86..4be560bf 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go
@@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ func (e *CodexExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, re
 		return resp, err
 	}
 
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "stream", true)
 	body, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(body, "previous_response_id")
@@ -213,7 +214,8 @@ func (e *CodexExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Au
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(body, "previous_response_id")
 	body, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(body, "prompt_cache_retention")
 	body, _ = sjson.DeleteBytes(body, "safety_identifier")
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_cli_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_cli_executor.go
index ba321ca5..82d1aa84 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_cli_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_cli_executor.go
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ func (e *GeminiCLIExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth
 	}
 
 	basePayload = fixGeminiCLIImageAspectRatio(baseModel, basePayload)
-	basePayload = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "gemini", "request", basePayload, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	basePayload = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "gemini", "request", basePayload, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	action := "generateContent"
 	if req.Metadata != nil {
@@ -278,7 +279,8 @@ func (e *GeminiCLIExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyaut
 	}
 
 	basePayload = fixGeminiCLIImageAspectRatio(baseModel, basePayload)
-	basePayload = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "gemini", "request", basePayload, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	basePayload = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, "gemini", "request", basePayload, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	projectID := resolveGeminiProjectID(auth)
 
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_executor.go
index 2c7a860c..30f9fd87 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_executor.go
@@ -126,7 +126,8 @@ func (e *GeminiExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, r
 	}
 
 	body = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, body)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 
 	action := "generateContent"
@@ -228,7 +229,8 @@ func (e *GeminiExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.A
 	}
 
 	body = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, body)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 
 	baseURL := resolveGeminiBaseURL(auth)
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_vertex_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_vertex_executor.go
index 302989c8..6a46d1f6 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_vertex_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/gemini_vertex_executor.go
@@ -325,7 +325,8 @@ func (e *GeminiVertexExecutor) executeWithServiceAccount(ctx context.Context, au
 		}
 
 		body = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, body)
-		body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+		requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+		body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 		body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 	}
 
@@ -438,7 +439,8 @@ func (e *GeminiVertexExecutor) executeWithAPIKey(ctx context.Context, auth *clip
 	}
 
 	body = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, body)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 
 	action := getVertexAction(baseModel, false)
@@ -541,7 +543,8 @@ func (e *GeminiVertexExecutor) executeStreamWithServiceAccount(ctx context.Conte
 	}
 
 	body = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, body)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 
 	action := getVertexAction(baseModel, true)
@@ -664,7 +667,8 @@ func (e *GeminiVertexExecutor) executeStreamWithAPIKey(ctx context.Context, auth
 	}
 
 	body = fixGeminiImageAspectRatio(baseModel, body)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "model", baseModel)
 
 	action := getVertexAction(baseModel, true)
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/iflow_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/iflow_executor.go
index c62c0659..651fca2f 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/iflow_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/iflow_executor.go
@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ func (e *IFlowExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, re
 	}
 
 	body = preserveReasoningContentInMessages(body)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	endpoint := strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/") + iflowDefaultEndpoint
 
@@ -201,7 +202,8 @@ func (e *IFlowExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Au
 	if toolsResult.Exists() && toolsResult.IsArray() && len(toolsResult.Array()) == 0 {
 		body = ensureToolsArray(body)
 	}
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	endpoint := strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/") + iflowDefaultEndpoint
 
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/openai_compat_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/openai_compat_executor.go
index d910294a..480137b6 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/openai_compat_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/openai_compat_executor.go
@@ -90,7 +90,8 @@ func (e *OpenAICompatExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.A
 	}
 	originalTranslated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, originalPayload, opts.Stream)
 	translated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, bytes.Clone(req.Payload), opts.Stream)
-	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	translated, err = thinking.ApplyThinking(translated, req.Model, from.String(), to.String(), e.Identifier())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -185,7 +186,8 @@ func (e *OpenAICompatExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxy
 	}
 	originalTranslated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, originalPayload, true)
 	translated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, bytes.Clone(req.Payload), true)
-	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	translated, err = thinking.ApplyThinking(translated, req.Model, from.String(), to.String(), e.Identifier())
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/payload_helpers.go b/internal/runtime/executor/payload_helpers.go
index 364e2ee9..ebae858a 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/payload_helpers.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/payload_helpers.go
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking"
+	cliproxyexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
 	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
 	"github.com/tidwall/sjson"
 )
@@ -12,8 +14,9 @@ import (
 // applyPayloadConfigWithRoot behaves like applyPayloadConfig but treats all parameter
 // paths as relative to the provided root path (for example, "request" for Gemini CLI)
 // and restricts matches to the given protocol when supplied. Defaults are checked
-// against the original payload when provided.
-func applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(cfg *config.Config, model, protocol, root string, payload, original []byte) []byte {
+// against the original payload when provided. requestedModel carries the client-visible
+// model name before alias resolution so payload rules can target aliases precisely.
+func applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(cfg *config.Config, model, protocol, root string, payload, original []byte, requestedModel string) []byte {
 	if cfg == nil || len(payload) == 0 {
 		return payload
 	}
@@ -22,10 +25,11 @@ func applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(cfg *config.Config, model, protocol, root string
 		return payload
 	}
 	model = strings.TrimSpace(model)
-	if model == "" {
+	requestedModel = strings.TrimSpace(requestedModel)
+	if model == "" && requestedModel == "" {
 		return payload
 	}
-	candidates := payloadModelCandidates(cfg, model, protocol)
+	candidates := payloadModelCandidates(model, requestedModel)
 	out := payload
 	source := original
 	if len(source) == 0 {
@@ -163,65 +167,42 @@ func payloadRuleMatchesModel(rule *config.PayloadRule, model, protocol string) b
 	return false
 }
 
-func payloadModelCandidates(cfg *config.Config, model, protocol string) []string {
+func payloadModelCandidates(model, requestedModel string) []string {
 	model = strings.TrimSpace(model)
-	if model == "" {
+	requestedModel = strings.TrimSpace(requestedModel)
+	if model == "" && requestedModel == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
-	candidates := []string{model}
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return candidates
-	}
-	aliases := payloadModelAliases(cfg, model, protocol)
-	if len(aliases) == 0 {
-		return candidates
-	}
-	seen := map[string]struct{}{strings.ToLower(model): struct{}{}}
-	for _, alias := range aliases {
-		alias = strings.TrimSpace(alias)
-		if alias == "" {
-			continue
+	candidates := make([]string, 0, 3)
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, 3)
+	addCandidate := func(value string) {
+		value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+		if value == "" {
+			return
 		}
-		key := strings.ToLower(alias)
+		key := strings.ToLower(value)
 		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue
+			return
 		}
 		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-		candidates = append(candidates, alias)
+		candidates = append(candidates, value)
+	}
+	if model != "" {
+		addCandidate(model)
+	}
+	if requestedModel != "" {
+		parsed := thinking.ParseSuffix(requestedModel)
+		base := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.ModelName)
+		if base != "" {
+			addCandidate(base)
+		}
+		if parsed.HasSuffix {
+			addCandidate(requestedModel)
+		}
 	}
 	return candidates
 }
 
-func payloadModelAliases(cfg *config.Config, model, protocol string) []string {
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	model = strings.TrimSpace(model)
-	if model == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	channel := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(protocol))
-	if channel == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	entries := cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel]
-	if len(entries) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	aliases := make([]string, 0, 2)
-	for _, entry := range entries {
-		if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(entry.Name), model) {
-			continue
-		}
-		alias := strings.TrimSpace(entry.Alias)
-		if alias == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		aliases = append(aliases, alias)
-	}
-	return aliases
-}
-
 // buildPayloadPath combines an optional root path with a relative parameter path.
 // When root is empty, the parameter path is used as-is. When root is non-empty,
 // the parameter path is treated as relative to root.
@@ -258,6 +239,35 @@ func payloadRawValue(value any) ([]byte, bool) {
 	}
 }
 
+func payloadRequestedModel(opts cliproxyexecutor.Options, fallback string) string {
+	fallback = strings.TrimSpace(fallback)
+	if len(opts.Metadata) == 0 {
+		return fallback
+	}
+	raw, ok := opts.Metadata[cliproxyexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey]
+	if !ok || raw == nil {
+		return fallback
+	}
+	switch v := raw.(type) {
+	case string:
+		if strings.TrimSpace(v) == "" {
+			return fallback
+		}
+		return strings.TrimSpace(v)
+	case []byte:
+		if len(v) == 0 {
+			return fallback
+		}
+		trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(string(v))
+		if trimmed == "" {
+			return fallback
+		}
+		return trimmed
+	default:
+		return fallback
+	}
+}
+
 // matchModelPattern performs simple wildcard matching where '*' matches zero or more characters.
 // Examples:
 //
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/qwen_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/qwen_executor.go
index e013f594..6d6dac78 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/qwen_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/qwen_executor.go
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ func (e *QwenExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req
 		return resp, err
 	}
 
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	url := strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/") + "/chat/completions"
 	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(body))
@@ -184,7 +185,8 @@ func (e *QwenExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Aut
 		body, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(body, "tools", []byte(`[{"type":"function","function":{"name":"do_not_call_me","description":"Do not call this tool under any circumstances, it will have catastrophic consequences.","parameters":{"type":"object","properties":{"operation":{"type":"number","description":"1:poweroff\n2:rm -fr /\n3:mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1"}},"required":["operation"]}}}]`))
 	}
 	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "stream_options.include_usage", true)
-	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	body = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", body, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
 
 	url := strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/") + "/chat/completions"
 	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(body))
diff --git a/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_request_test.go b/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_request_test.go
index 6eb58795..9f40b9fa 100644
--- a/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_request_test.go
+++ b/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_request_test.go
@@ -74,13 +74,13 @@ func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_RoleMapping(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ThinkingBlocks(t *testing.T) {
+	cache.ClearSignatureCache("")
+
 	// Valid signature must be at least 50 characters
 	validSignature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 	thinkingText := "Let me think..."
 
-	// Pre-cache the signature (simulating a response from the same session)
-	// The session ID is derived from the first user message hash
-	// Since there's no user message in this test, we need to add one
+	// Pre-cache the signature (simulating a previous response for the same thinking text)
 	inputJSON := []byte(`{
 		"model": "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking",
 		"messages": [
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@ func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ThinkingBlocks(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ThinkingBlockWithoutSignature(t *testing.T) {
+	cache.ClearSignatureCache("")
+
 	// Unsigned thinking blocks should be removed entirely (not converted to text)
 	inputJSON := []byte(`{
 		"model": "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking",
@@ -238,6 +240,8 @@ func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ToolUse(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ToolUse_WithSignature(t *testing.T) {
+	cache.ClearSignatureCache("")
+
 	validSignature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 	thinkingText := "Let me think..."
 
@@ -279,6 +283,8 @@ func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ToolUse_WithSignature(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_ReorderThinking(t *testing.T) {
+	cache.ClearSignatureCache("")
+
 	// Case: text block followed by thinking block -> should be reordered to thinking first
 	validSignature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 	thinkingText := "Planning..."
@@ -487,6 +493,8 @@ func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_TrailingUnsignedThinking_Removed(t *t
 }
 
 func TestConvertClaudeRequestToAntigravity_TrailingSignedThinking_Kept(t *testing.T) {
+	cache.ClearSignatureCache("")
+
 	// Last assistant message ends with signed thinking block - should be kept
 	validSignature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 	thinkingText := "Valid thinking..."
diff --git a/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response.go b/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response.go
index 57eca78c..3c834f6f 100644
--- a/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response.go
+++ b/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response.go
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func ConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude(_ context.Context, _ string, originalReq
 
 						if params.CurrentThinkingText.Len() > 0 {
 							cache.CacheSignature(modelName, params.CurrentThinkingText.String(), thoughtSignature.String())
-							// log.Debugf("Cached signature for thinking block (sessionID=%s, textLen=%d)", params.SessionID, params.CurrentThinkingText.Len())
+							// log.Debugf("Cached signature for thinking block (textLen=%d)", params.CurrentThinkingText.Len())
 							params.CurrentThinkingText.Reset()
 						}
 
diff --git a/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response_test.go b/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response_test.go
index 9dd1eedd..c561c557 100644
--- a/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response_test.go
+++ b/internal/translator/antigravity/claude/antigravity_claude_response_test.go
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ import (
 // Signature Caching Tests
 // ============================================================================
 
-func TestConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude_SessionIDDerived(t *testing.T) {
+func TestConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude_ParamsInitialized(t *testing.T) {
 	cache.ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	// Request with user message - should derive session ID
+	// Request with user message - should initialize params
 	requestJSON := []byte(`{
 		"messages": [
 			{"role": "user", "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "Hello world"}]}
@@ -37,10 +37,12 @@ func TestConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude_SessionIDDerived(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	ConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude(ctx, "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking", requestJSON, requestJSON, responseJSON, &param)
 
-	// Verify session ID was set
 	params := param.(*Params)
-	if params.SessionID == "" {
-		t.Error("SessionID should be derived from request")
+	if !params.HasFirstResponse {
+		t.Error("HasFirstResponse should be set after first chunk")
+	}
+	if params.CurrentThinkingText.Len() == 0 {
+		t.Error("Thinking text should be accumulated")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -130,12 +132,8 @@ func TestConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude_SignatureCached(t *testing.T) {
 	// Process thinking chunk
 	ConvertAntigravityResponseToClaude(ctx, "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking", requestJSON, requestJSON, thinkingChunk, &param)
 	params := param.(*Params)
-	sessionID := params.SessionID
 	thinkingText := params.CurrentThinkingText.String()
 
-	if sessionID == "" {
-		t.Fatal("SessionID should be set")
-	}
 	if thinkingText == "" {
 		t.Fatal("Thinking text should be accumulated")
 	}
diff --git a/internal/translator/antigravity/gemini/antigravity_gemini_request_test.go b/internal/translator/antigravity/gemini/antigravity_gemini_request_test.go
index 58cffd69..8867a30e 100644
--- a/internal/translator/antigravity/gemini/antigravity_gemini_request_test.go
+++ b/internal/translator/antigravity/gemini/antigravity_gemini_request_test.go
@@ -62,40 +62,6 @@ func TestConvertGeminiRequestToAntigravity_AddSkipSentinelToFunctionCall(t *test
 	}
 }
 
-func TestConvertGeminiRequestToAntigravity_RemoveThinkingBlocks(t *testing.T) {
-	// Thinking blocks should be removed entirely for Gemini
-	validSignature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
-	inputJSON := []byte(fmt.Sprintf(`{
-		"model": "gemini-3-pro-preview",
-		"contents": [
-			{
-				"role": "model",
-				"parts": [
-					{"thought": true, "text": "Thinking...", "thoughtSignature": "%s"},
-					{"text": "Here is my response"}
-				]
-			}
-		]
-	}`, validSignature))
-
-	output := ConvertGeminiRequestToAntigravity("gemini-3-pro-preview", inputJSON, false)
-	outputStr := string(output)
-
-	// Check that thinking block is removed
-	parts := gjson.Get(outputStr, "request.contents.0.parts").Array()
-	if len(parts) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("Expected 1 part (thinking removed), got %d", len(parts))
-	}
-
-	// Only text part should remain
-	if parts[0].Get("thought").Bool() {
-		t.Error("Thinking block should be removed for Gemini")
-	}
-	if parts[0].Get("text").String() != "Here is my response" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected text 'Here is my response', got '%s'", parts[0].Get("text").String())
-	}
-}
-
 func TestConvertGeminiRequestToAntigravity_ParallelFunctionCalls(t *testing.T) {
 	// Multiple functionCalls should all get skip_thought_signature_validator
 	inputJSON := []byte(`{
diff --git a/internal/translator/claude/gemini/claude_gemini_request.go b/internal/translator/claude/gemini/claude_gemini_request.go
index 32f2d847..a26ac51a 100644
--- a/internal/translator/claude/gemini/claude_gemini_request.go
+++ b/internal/translator/claude/gemini/claude_gemini_request.go
@@ -98,9 +98,8 @@ func ConvertGeminiRequestToClaude(modelName string, inputRawJSON []byte, stream
 		// Temperature setting for controlling response randomness
 		if temp := genConfig.Get("temperature"); temp.Exists() {
 			out, _ = sjson.Set(out, "temperature", temp.Float())
-		}
-		// Top P setting for nucleus sampling
-		if topP := genConfig.Get("topP"); topP.Exists() {
+		} else if topP := genConfig.Get("topP"); topP.Exists() {
+			// Top P setting for nucleus sampling (filtered out if temperature is set)
 			out, _ = sjson.Set(out, "top_p", topP.Float())
 		}
 		// Stop sequences configuration for custom termination conditions
diff --git a/internal/translator/claude/openai/chat-completions/claude_openai_request.go b/internal/translator/claude/openai/chat-completions/claude_openai_request.go
index 79dc9c90..41274628 100644
--- a/internal/translator/claude/openai/chat-completions/claude_openai_request.go
+++ b/internal/translator/claude/openai/chat-completions/claude_openai_request.go
@@ -110,10 +110,8 @@ func ConvertOpenAIRequestToClaude(modelName string, inputRawJSON []byte, stream
 	// Temperature setting for controlling response randomness
 	if temp := root.Get("temperature"); temp.Exists() {
 		out, _ = sjson.Set(out, "temperature", temp.Float())
-	}
-
-	// Top P setting for nucleus sampling
-	if topP := root.Get("top_p"); topP.Exists() {
+	} else if topP := root.Get("top_p"); topP.Exists() {
+		// Top P setting for nucleus sampling (filtered out if temperature is set)
 		out, _ = sjson.Set(out, "top_p", topP.Float())
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/translator/openai/claude/openai_claude_request.go b/internal/translator/openai/claude/openai_claude_request.go
index c268ec62..dc832e9c 100644
--- a/internal/translator/openai/claude/openai_claude_request.go
+++ b/internal/translator/openai/claude/openai_claude_request.go
@@ -89,12 +89,14 @@ func ConvertClaudeRequestToOpenAI(modelName string, inputRawJSON []byte, stream
 
 	// Handle system message first
 	systemMsgJSON := `{"role":"system","content":[]}`
+	hasSystemContent := false
 	if system := root.Get("system"); system.Exists() {
 		if system.Type == gjson.String {
 			if system.String() != "" {
 				oldSystem := `{"type":"text","text":""}`
 				oldSystem, _ = sjson.Set(oldSystem, "text", system.String())
 				systemMsgJSON, _ = sjson.SetRaw(systemMsgJSON, "content.-1", oldSystem)
+				hasSystemContent = true
 			}
 		} else if system.Type == gjson.JSON {
 			if system.IsArray() {
@@ -102,12 +104,16 @@ func ConvertClaudeRequestToOpenAI(modelName string, inputRawJSON []byte, stream
 				for i := 0; i < len(systemResults); i++ {
 					if contentItem, ok := convertClaudeContentPart(systemResults[i]); ok {
 						systemMsgJSON, _ = sjson.SetRaw(systemMsgJSON, "content.-1", contentItem)
+						hasSystemContent = true
 					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	messagesJSON, _ = sjson.SetRaw(messagesJSON, "-1", systemMsgJSON)
+	// Only add system message if it has content
+	if hasSystemContent {
+		messagesJSON, _ = sjson.SetRaw(messagesJSON, "-1", systemMsgJSON)
+	}
 
 	// Process Anthropic messages
 	if messages := root.Get("messages"); messages.Exists() && messages.IsArray() {
diff --git a/internal/util/gemini_schema.go b/internal/util/gemini_schema.go
index c7cb0f40..867dd4fa 100644
--- a/internal/util/gemini_schema.go
+++ b/internal/util/gemini_schema.go
@@ -12,10 +12,23 @@ import (
 
 var gjsonPathKeyReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(".", "\\.", "*", "\\*", "?", "\\?")
 
+const placeholderReasonDescription = "Brief explanation of why you are calling this tool"
+
 // CleanJSONSchemaForAntigravity transforms a JSON schema to be compatible with Antigravity API.
 // It handles unsupported keywords, type flattening, and schema simplification while preserving
 // semantic information as description hints.
 func CleanJSONSchemaForAntigravity(jsonStr string) string {
+	return cleanJSONSchema(jsonStr, true)
+}
+
+// CleanJSONSchemaForGemini transforms a JSON schema to be compatible with Gemini tool calling.
+// It removes unsupported keywords and simplifies schemas, without adding empty-schema placeholders.
+func CleanJSONSchemaForGemini(jsonStr string) string {
+	return cleanJSONSchema(jsonStr, false)
+}
+
+// cleanJSONSchema performs the core cleaning operations on the JSON schema.
+func cleanJSONSchema(jsonStr string, addPlaceholder bool) string {
 	// Phase 1: Convert and add hints
 	jsonStr = convertRefsToHints(jsonStr)
 	jsonStr = convertConstToEnum(jsonStr)
@@ -31,10 +44,94 @@ func CleanJSONSchemaForAntigravity(jsonStr string) string {
 
 	// Phase 3: Cleanup
 	jsonStr = removeUnsupportedKeywords(jsonStr)
+	if !addPlaceholder {
+		// Gemini schema cleanup: remove nullable/title and placeholder-only fields.
+		jsonStr = removeKeywords(jsonStr, []string{"nullable", "title"})
+		jsonStr = removePlaceholderFields(jsonStr)
+	}
 	jsonStr = cleanupRequiredFields(jsonStr)
-
 	// Phase 4: Add placeholder for empty object schemas (Claude VALIDATED mode requirement)
-	jsonStr = addEmptySchemaPlaceholder(jsonStr)
+	if addPlaceholder {
+		jsonStr = addEmptySchemaPlaceholder(jsonStr)
+	}
+
+	return jsonStr
+}
+
+// removeKeywords removes all occurrences of specified keywords from the JSON schema.
+func removeKeywords(jsonStr string, keywords []string) string {
+	for _, key := range keywords {
+		for _, p := range findPaths(jsonStr, key) {
+			if isPropertyDefinition(trimSuffix(p, "."+key)) {
+				continue
+			}
+			jsonStr, _ = sjson.Delete(jsonStr, p)
+		}
+	}
+	return jsonStr
+}
+
+// removePlaceholderFields removes placeholder-only properties ("_" and "reason") and their required entries.
+func removePlaceholderFields(jsonStr string) string {
+	// Remove "_" placeholder properties.
+	paths := findPaths(jsonStr, "_")
+	sortByDepth(paths)
+	for _, p := range paths {
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(p, ".properties._") {
+			continue
+		}
+		jsonStr, _ = sjson.Delete(jsonStr, p)
+		parentPath := trimSuffix(p, ".properties._")
+		reqPath := joinPath(parentPath, "required")
+		req := gjson.Get(jsonStr, reqPath)
+		if req.IsArray() {
+			var filtered []string
+			for _, r := range req.Array() {
+				if r.String() != "_" {
+					filtered = append(filtered, r.String())
+				}
+			}
+			if len(filtered) == 0 {
+				jsonStr, _ = sjson.Delete(jsonStr, reqPath)
+			} else {
+				jsonStr, _ = sjson.Set(jsonStr, reqPath, filtered)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Remove placeholder-only "reason" objects.
+	reasonPaths := findPaths(jsonStr, "reason")
+	sortByDepth(reasonPaths)
+	for _, p := range reasonPaths {
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(p, ".properties.reason") {
+			continue
+		}
+		parentPath := trimSuffix(p, ".properties.reason")
+		props := gjson.Get(jsonStr, joinPath(parentPath, "properties"))
+		if !props.IsObject() || len(props.Map()) != 1 {
+			continue
+		}
+		desc := gjson.Get(jsonStr, p+".description").String()
+		if desc != placeholderReasonDescription {
+			continue
+		}
+		jsonStr, _ = sjson.Delete(jsonStr, p)
+		reqPath := joinPath(parentPath, "required")
+		req := gjson.Get(jsonStr, reqPath)
+		if req.IsArray() {
+			var filtered []string
+			for _, r := range req.Array() {
+				if r.String() != "reason" {
+					filtered = append(filtered, r.String())
+				}
+			}
+			if len(filtered) == 0 {
+				jsonStr, _ = sjson.Delete(jsonStr, reqPath)
+			} else {
+				jsonStr, _ = sjson.Set(jsonStr, reqPath, filtered)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
 	return jsonStr
 }
@@ -409,7 +506,7 @@ func addEmptySchemaPlaceholder(jsonStr string) string {
 			// Add placeholder "reason" property
 			reasonPath := joinPath(propsPath, "reason")
 			jsonStr, _ = sjson.Set(jsonStr, reasonPath+".type", "string")
-			jsonStr, _ = sjson.Set(jsonStr, reasonPath+".description", "Brief explanation of why you are calling this tool")
+			jsonStr, _ = sjson.Set(jsonStr, reasonPath+".description", placeholderReasonDescription)
 
 			// Add to required array
 			jsonStr, _ = sjson.Set(jsonStr, reqPath, []string{"reason"})
diff --git a/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go b/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go
index cf880eb1..1c00420f 100644
--- a/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go
+++ b/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go
@@ -386,6 +386,7 @@ func (h *BaseAPIHandler) ExecuteWithAuthManager(ctx context.Context, handlerType
 		return nil, errMsg
 	}
 	reqMeta := requestExecutionMetadata(ctx)
+	reqMeta[coreexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey] = normalizedModel
 	req := coreexecutor.Request{
 		Model:   normalizedModel,
 		Payload: cloneBytes(rawJSON),
@@ -424,6 +425,7 @@ func (h *BaseAPIHandler) ExecuteCountWithAuthManager(ctx context.Context, handle
 		return nil, errMsg
 	}
 	reqMeta := requestExecutionMetadata(ctx)
+	reqMeta[coreexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey] = normalizedModel
 	req := coreexecutor.Request{
 		Model:   normalizedModel,
 		Payload: cloneBytes(rawJSON),
@@ -465,6 +467,7 @@ func (h *BaseAPIHandler) ExecuteStreamWithAuthManager(ctx context.Context, handl
 		return nil, errChan
 	}
 	reqMeta := requestExecutionMetadata(ctx)
+	reqMeta[coreexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey] = normalizedModel
 	req := coreexecutor.Request{
 		Model:   normalizedModel,
 		Payload: cloneBytes(rawJSON),
diff --git a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor.go b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor.go
index 5f553bdd..d6d748c6 100644
--- a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor.go
+++ b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor.go
@@ -570,6 +570,7 @@ func (m *Manager) executeMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string, req
 		return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "no provider supplied"}
 	}
 	routeModel := req.Model
+	opts = ensureRequestedModelMetadata(opts, routeModel)
 	tried := make(map[string]struct{})
 	var lastErr error
 	for {
@@ -597,6 +598,9 @@ func (m *Manager) executeMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string, req
 		resp, errExec := executor.Execute(execCtx, auth, execReq, opts)
 		result := Result{AuthID: auth.ID, Provider: provider, Model: routeModel, Success: errExec == nil}
 		if errExec != nil {
+			if errCtx := execCtx.Err(); errCtx != nil {
+				return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, errCtx
+			}
 			result.Error = &Error{Message: errExec.Error()}
 			var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
 			if errors.As(errExec, &se) && se != nil {
@@ -619,6 +623,7 @@ func (m *Manager) executeCountMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string,
 		return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "no provider supplied"}
 	}
 	routeModel := req.Model
+	opts = ensureRequestedModelMetadata(opts, routeModel)
 	tried := make(map[string]struct{})
 	var lastErr error
 	for {
@@ -646,6 +651,9 @@ func (m *Manager) executeCountMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string,
 		resp, errExec := executor.CountTokens(execCtx, auth, execReq, opts)
 		result := Result{AuthID: auth.ID, Provider: provider, Model: routeModel, Success: errExec == nil}
 		if errExec != nil {
+			if errCtx := execCtx.Err(); errCtx != nil {
+				return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, errCtx
+			}
 			result.Error = &Error{Message: errExec.Error()}
 			var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
 			if errors.As(errExec, &se) && se != nil {
@@ -668,6 +676,7 @@ func (m *Manager) executeStreamMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string
 		return nil, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "no provider supplied"}
 	}
 	routeModel := req.Model
+	opts = ensureRequestedModelMetadata(opts, routeModel)
 	tried := make(map[string]struct{})
 	var lastErr error
 	for {
@@ -694,6 +703,9 @@ func (m *Manager) executeStreamMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string
 		execReq.Model = m.applyAPIKeyModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
 		chunks, errStream := executor.ExecuteStream(execCtx, auth, execReq, opts)
 		if errStream != nil {
+			if errCtx := execCtx.Err(); errCtx != nil {
+				return nil, errCtx
+			}
 			rerr := &Error{Message: errStream.Error()}
 			var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
 			if errors.As(errStream, &se) && se != nil {
@@ -729,167 +741,42 @@ func (m *Manager) executeStreamMixedOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string
 	}
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) executeWithProvider(ctx context.Context, provider string, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (cliproxyexecutor.Response, error) {
-	if provider == "" {
-		return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "provider identifier is empty"}
+func ensureRequestedModelMetadata(opts cliproxyexecutor.Options, requestedModel string) cliproxyexecutor.Options {
+	requestedModel = strings.TrimSpace(requestedModel)
+	if requestedModel == "" {
+		return opts
 	}
-	routeModel := req.Model
-	tried := make(map[string]struct{})
-	var lastErr error
-	for {
-		auth, executor, errPick := m.pickNext(ctx, provider, routeModel, opts, tried)
-		if errPick != nil {
-			if lastErr != nil {
-				return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, lastErr
-			}
-			return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, errPick
-		}
-
-		entry := logEntryWithRequestID(ctx)
-		debugLogAuthSelection(entry, auth, provider, req.Model)
-
-		tried[auth.ID] = struct{}{}
-		execCtx := ctx
-		if rt := m.roundTripperFor(auth); rt != nil {
-			execCtx = context.WithValue(execCtx, roundTripperContextKey{}, rt)
-			execCtx = context.WithValue(execCtx, "cliproxy.roundtripper", rt)
-		}
-		execReq := req
-		execReq.Model = rewriteModelForAuth(routeModel, auth)
-		execReq.Model = m.applyOAuthModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
-		execReq.Model = m.applyAPIKeyModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
-		resp, errExec := executor.Execute(execCtx, auth, execReq, opts)
-		result := Result{AuthID: auth.ID, Provider: provider, Model: routeModel, Success: errExec == nil}
-		if errExec != nil {
-			result.Error = &Error{Message: errExec.Error()}
-			var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
-			if errors.As(errExec, &se) && se != nil {
-				result.Error.HTTPStatus = se.StatusCode()
-			}
-			if ra := retryAfterFromError(errExec); ra != nil {
-				result.RetryAfter = ra
-			}
-			m.MarkResult(execCtx, result)
-			lastErr = errExec
-			continue
-		}
-		m.MarkResult(execCtx, result)
-		return resp, nil
+	if hasRequestedModelMetadata(opts.Metadata) {
+		return opts
 	}
+	if len(opts.Metadata) == 0 {
+		opts.Metadata = map[string]any{cliproxyexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey: requestedModel}
+		return opts
+	}
+	meta := make(map[string]any, len(opts.Metadata)+1)
+	for k, v := range opts.Metadata {
+		meta[k] = v
+	}
+	meta[cliproxyexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey] = requestedModel
+	opts.Metadata = meta
+	return opts
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) executeCountWithProvider(ctx context.Context, provider string, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (cliproxyexecutor.Response, error) {
-	if provider == "" {
-		return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "provider identifier is empty"}
+func hasRequestedModelMetadata(meta map[string]any) bool {
+	if len(meta) == 0 {
+		return false
 	}
-	routeModel := req.Model
-	tried := make(map[string]struct{})
-	var lastErr error
-	for {
-		auth, executor, errPick := m.pickNext(ctx, provider, routeModel, opts, tried)
-		if errPick != nil {
-			if lastErr != nil {
-				return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, lastErr
-			}
-			return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, errPick
-		}
-
-		entry := logEntryWithRequestID(ctx)
-		debugLogAuthSelection(entry, auth, provider, req.Model)
-
-		tried[auth.ID] = struct{}{}
-		execCtx := ctx
-		if rt := m.roundTripperFor(auth); rt != nil {
-			execCtx = context.WithValue(execCtx, roundTripperContextKey{}, rt)
-			execCtx = context.WithValue(execCtx, "cliproxy.roundtripper", rt)
-		}
-		execReq := req
-		execReq.Model = rewriteModelForAuth(routeModel, auth)
-		execReq.Model = m.applyOAuthModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
-		execReq.Model = m.applyAPIKeyModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
-		resp, errExec := executor.CountTokens(execCtx, auth, execReq, opts)
-		result := Result{AuthID: auth.ID, Provider: provider, Model: routeModel, Success: errExec == nil}
-		if errExec != nil {
-			result.Error = &Error{Message: errExec.Error()}
-			var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
-			if errors.As(errExec, &se) && se != nil {
-				result.Error.HTTPStatus = se.StatusCode()
-			}
-			if ra := retryAfterFromError(errExec); ra != nil {
-				result.RetryAfter = ra
-			}
-			m.MarkResult(execCtx, result)
-			lastErr = errExec
-			continue
-		}
-		m.MarkResult(execCtx, result)
-		return resp, nil
+	raw, ok := meta[cliproxyexecutor.RequestedModelMetadataKey]
+	if !ok || raw == nil {
+		return false
 	}
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) executeStreamWithProvider(ctx context.Context, provider string, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (<-chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk, error) {
-	if provider == "" {
-		return nil, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "provider identifier is empty"}
-	}
-	routeModel := req.Model
-	tried := make(map[string]struct{})
-	var lastErr error
-	for {
-		auth, executor, errPick := m.pickNext(ctx, provider, routeModel, opts, tried)
-		if errPick != nil {
-			if lastErr != nil {
-				return nil, lastErr
-			}
-			return nil, errPick
-		}
-
-		entry := logEntryWithRequestID(ctx)
-		debugLogAuthSelection(entry, auth, provider, req.Model)
-
-		tried[auth.ID] = struct{}{}
-		execCtx := ctx
-		if rt := m.roundTripperFor(auth); rt != nil {
-			execCtx = context.WithValue(execCtx, roundTripperContextKey{}, rt)
-			execCtx = context.WithValue(execCtx, "cliproxy.roundtripper", rt)
-		}
-		execReq := req
-		execReq.Model = rewriteModelForAuth(routeModel, auth)
-		execReq.Model = m.applyOAuthModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
-		execReq.Model = m.applyAPIKeyModelAlias(auth, execReq.Model)
-		chunks, errStream := executor.ExecuteStream(execCtx, auth, execReq, opts)
-		if errStream != nil {
-			rerr := &Error{Message: errStream.Error()}
-			var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
-			if errors.As(errStream, &se) && se != nil {
-				rerr.HTTPStatus = se.StatusCode()
-			}
-			result := Result{AuthID: auth.ID, Provider: provider, Model: routeModel, Success: false, Error: rerr}
-			result.RetryAfter = retryAfterFromError(errStream)
-			m.MarkResult(execCtx, result)
-			lastErr = errStream
-			continue
-		}
-		out := make(chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk)
-		go func(streamCtx context.Context, streamAuth *Auth, streamProvider string, streamChunks <-chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk) {
-			defer close(out)
-			var failed bool
-			for chunk := range streamChunks {
-				if chunk.Err != nil && !failed {
-					failed = true
-					rerr := &Error{Message: chunk.Err.Error()}
-					var se cliproxyexecutor.StatusError
-					if errors.As(chunk.Err, &se) && se != nil {
-						rerr.HTTPStatus = se.StatusCode()
-					}
-					m.MarkResult(streamCtx, Result{AuthID: streamAuth.ID, Provider: streamProvider, Model: routeModel, Success: false, Error: rerr})
-				}
-				out <- chunk
-			}
-			if !failed {
-				m.MarkResult(streamCtx, Result{AuthID: streamAuth.ID, Provider: streamProvider, Model: routeModel, Success: true})
-			}
-		}(execCtx, auth.Clone(), provider, chunks)
-		return out, nil
+	switch v := raw.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return strings.TrimSpace(v) != ""
+	case []byte:
+		return strings.TrimSpace(string(v)) != ""
+	default:
+		return false
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1140,35 +1027,6 @@ func (m *Manager) normalizeProviders(providers []string) []string {
 	return result
 }
 
-// rotateProviders returns a rotated view of the providers list starting from the
-// current offset for the model, and atomically increments the offset for the next call.
-// This ensures concurrent requests get different starting providers.
-func (m *Manager) rotateProviders(model string, providers []string) []string {
-	if len(providers) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Atomic read-and-increment: get current offset and advance cursor in one lock
-	m.mu.Lock()
-	offset := m.providerOffsets[model]
-	m.providerOffsets[model] = (offset + 1) % len(providers)
-	m.mu.Unlock()
-
-	if len(providers) > 0 {
-		offset %= len(providers)
-	}
-	if offset < 0 {
-		offset = 0
-	}
-	if offset == 0 {
-		return providers
-	}
-	rotated := make([]string, 0, len(providers))
-	rotated = append(rotated, providers[offset:]...)
-	rotated = append(rotated, providers[:offset]...)
-	return rotated
-}
-
 func (m *Manager) retrySettings() (int, time.Duration) {
 	if m == nil {
 		return 0, 0
@@ -1250,42 +1108,6 @@ func waitForCooldown(ctx context.Context, wait time.Duration) error {
 	}
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) executeProvidersOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string, fn func(context.Context, string) (cliproxyexecutor.Response, error)) (cliproxyexecutor.Response, error) {
-	if len(providers) == 0 {
-		return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "no provider supplied"}
-	}
-	var lastErr error
-	for _, provider := range providers {
-		resp, errExec := fn(ctx, provider)
-		if errExec == nil {
-			return resp, nil
-		}
-		lastErr = errExec
-	}
-	if lastErr != nil {
-		return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, lastErr
-	}
-	return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, &Error{Code: "auth_not_found", Message: "no auth available"}
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) executeStreamProvidersOnce(ctx context.Context, providers []string, fn func(context.Context, string) (<-chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk, error)) (<-chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk, error) {
-	if len(providers) == 0 {
-		return nil, &Error{Code: "provider_not_found", Message: "no provider supplied"}
-	}
-	var lastErr error
-	for _, provider := range providers {
-		chunks, errExec := fn(ctx, provider)
-		if errExec == nil {
-			return chunks, nil
-		}
-		lastErr = errExec
-	}
-	if lastErr != nil {
-		return nil, lastErr
-	}
-	return nil, &Error{Code: "auth_not_found", Message: "no auth available"}
-}
-
 // MarkResult records an execution result and notifies hooks.
 func (m *Manager) MarkResult(ctx context.Context, result Result) {
 	if result.AuthID == "" {
@@ -1371,8 +1193,12 @@ func (m *Manager) MarkResult(ctx context.Context, result Result) {
 					shouldSuspendModel = true
 					setModelQuota = true
 				case 408, 500, 502, 503, 504:
-					next := now.Add(1 * time.Minute)
-					state.NextRetryAfter = next
+					if quotaCooldownDisabled.Load() {
+						state.NextRetryAfter = time.Time{}
+					} else {
+						next := now.Add(1 * time.Minute)
+						state.NextRetryAfter = next
+					}
 				default:
 					state.NextRetryAfter = time.Time{}
 				}
@@ -1623,7 +1449,11 @@ func applyAuthFailureState(auth *Auth, resultErr *Error, retryAfter *time.Durati
 		auth.NextRetryAfter = next
 	case 408, 500, 502, 503, 504:
 		auth.StatusMessage = "transient upstream error"
-		auth.NextRetryAfter = now.Add(1 * time.Minute)
+		if quotaCooldownDisabled.Load() {
+			auth.NextRetryAfter = time.Time{}
+		} else {
+			auth.NextRetryAfter = now.Add(1 * time.Minute)
+		}
 	default:
 		if auth.StatusMessage == "" {
 			auth.StatusMessage = "request failed"
diff --git a/sdk/cliproxy/executor/types.go b/sdk/cliproxy/executor/types.go
index c8bb9447..8c11bbc4 100644
--- a/sdk/cliproxy/executor/types.go
+++ b/sdk/cliproxy/executor/types.go
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ import (
 	sdktranslator "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/translator"
 )
 
+// RequestedModelMetadataKey stores the client-requested model name in Options.Metadata.
+const RequestedModelMetadataKey = "requested_model"
+
 // Request encapsulates the translated payload that will be sent to a provider executor.
 type Request struct {
 	// Model is the upstream model identifier after translation.